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半导体纳米超微粒作为不同于本体材料的一类新型材料,在化学、物理及材料等领域中研究十分活跃。由于颗粒尺寸减小出现能带量子化和表面迅速增大引起的表面效应等,进一步导致了光化学和光物理不寻常的行为,这充分显示了它在光电功能材料方面广泛应用前景。半导体纳米超微粒常在胶体溶液中制备,但在胶体溶液相中形成的纳米超微粒往往因其稳定性差和不易形成固体材料的局限,使其实际应用受到了一定的影响。近来有人提出研究半导体纳米超微粒(纳晶)薄膜,这种固体薄膜具有半导体纳米超微粒的一些光化学、光物理特性,而且结构性能稳定。因此,半导体纳晶薄膜成为当前新型光电功能材料发展研究中的一个新的方向。本文报道了半导体纳晶TiO_2薄膜的制备、形成及其性能。
As a new kind of material different from bulk materials, semiconductor nano-particles are very active in the fields of chemistry, physics and materials. Due to the decrease of the size of the particles, the bandgap and the surface effect caused by the rapid increase of the surface have further led to the unusual behavior of photochemistry and photophysics, which fully shows its wide application prospect in the photoelectric functional materials. Nano-semiconductor nanoparticles are often prepared in colloidal solution, but nano-particles formed in the colloidal solution phase are often affected by their poor stability and the difficulty of forming solid materials. Recently, it has been proposed to study semiconducting nanoparticle (nanocrystal) thin films which have some of the photochemical and photophysical properties of semiconducting nanoscale microparticles and have stable structural properties. Therefore, the semiconductor nanocrystalline thin film has become a new direction in the development of novel photoelectric functional materials. This paper reports the preparation, formation and properties of semiconductor nanocrystalline TiO_2 films.