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[目的]对北京市顺义区农村自备水井环境卫生和水质卫生状况进行调查和分析,为顺义区农村改善水质提供科学的依据。[方法]对农村19个镇的434眼自备水源井的基本情况进行问卷调查,并对井水水质(26个项目)进行检测。同步检测一个镇级集中式供水厂的水质。[结果]农村自备水井的成井时间不同、水深不同,多数水井无消毒设备(占96.14%)和净化设备(占98.39%)。水质检测合格的有284件,合格率为65.44%;检测不合格的项目有铁、锰、氨、氟化物和砷等的含量及总硬度、色度、浑浊度和细菌学指标,这些项目均超标。集中式供水厂的水质26个项目均合格。[结论]农村自备水井环境卫生和水质卫生状况较差,对自备水井应安装必要的消毒、水质净化设备,各村应建立完整的水源井资料以备查验,做到专人管理和定期消毒;增加合格的镇级集中式供水,降低成本,减少浪费,便于管理,改进不合格的供水设施,以提高水质,保障村民的饮水卫生安全。
[Objective] To investigate and analyze the sanitation and quality of sanitation and water quality of rural-owned wells in Shunyi District of Beijing, and provide a scientific basis for rural water quality improvement in Shunyi District. [Method] A questionnaire survey was conducted on the basic situation of 434 self-provided water wells in 19 towns in rural areas, and the well water quality (26 items) was tested. Simultaneous detection of water quality at a town-level centralized waterworks. [Result] The completion time of self-owned wells in rural areas differed from one another at different depths. Most wells had no disinfection equipment (96.14%) and purification equipment (98.39%). There were 284 qualified water samples with a passing rate of 65.44%. The unqualified items included iron, manganese, ammonia, fluoride, arsenic, total hardness, color, turbidity and bacteriology, Exceeded. The water quality of the centralized water supply plant was qualified for 26 projects. [Conclusion] The condition of sanitation of sanitation and water quality in self-provided wells in rural areas was poor. The necessary disinfection and water purification equipment should be installed in self-provided wells, and complete water source wells should be set up in each village for further inspection. ; Increase the qualified town centralized water supply, reduce costs, reduce waste, ease of management, improve unqualified water supply facilities to improve water quality and protect the health and safety of villagers drinking water.