论文部分内容阅读
生产要素按什么参与分配,可以从质与量的两个层次上考察。在质的层次上,生产要素按所有权参与分配,是马克思对资本主义生产总过程的分析得出来的结论,它的分配取决于参与价值形成和价值实现的各生产要素占有状况。在社会主义市场经济条件下,生产要素按所有权参与分配,可以划分为劳动力按所有权参与分配必要产品价值(v),生产资料按所有权参与分配剩余产品价值(m)。在量的层次上,生产要素包括资本(生产资料)按等量资本获得等量利润和劳动力按劳动力价值参与分配。劳动者活劳动所创造的新价值(v+m)是各种收入的源泉,各种生产资料所有权不创造价值。按劳动力所有权分配、按劳动力价值分配和按劳分配是同一的。劳动力按所有权参与分配是质的规定性,还需量化,按劳动力价值参与分配,在社会主义市场经济条件下,按劳分配可以转化为按劳动价值分配。按劳分配为主体,多种分配方式并存是生产要素按所有权参与分配的具体表现形式。
According to what the production factors participate in the distribution, quality and quantity can be investigated from two levels. At the qualitative level, the distribution of factors of production according to ownership is the conclusion drawn by Marx on the analysis of the general process of capitalist production. Its distribution depends on the occupancy of the factors of production involved in the formation and realization of value. Under the socialist market economy, factors of production are involved in the distribution according to ownership. They can be divided into the distribution of the necessary product value (v) by the participation of the labor force in terms of ownership, and the distribution of the surplus value of the means of production by ownership (m). At the quantitative level, the factors of production, including capital (means of production), receive the same amount of profit by the equal amount of capital, and the labor force is involved in the distribution according to the value of the labor force. The new value (v + m) created by laborers’ living work is the source of various incomes, and the ownership of various means of production does not create value. Allocated according to labor’s ownership, the distribution according to the labor force and the distribution according to work are the same. The distribution of labor according to ownership is qualitative and quantitative. It needs to be quantified and participates in distribution according to the value of labor force. Under the socialist market economy, distribution according to work can be transformed into distribution according to labor value. Distribution according to work as the main body, the coexistence of multiple modes of distribution is the concrete manifestation of the distribution of factors of production according to ownership.