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目的了解广州市黄埔区传染病突发公共卫生事件流行情况,为有效预防和控制传染病突发公共卫生事件提供科学依据。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中的国家突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统报告的广州市黄埔区2006—2011年所有传染病突发公共卫生事件疫情资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2006—2011年黄埔区共报告传染病突发公共卫生事件102起,发病2 512例,死亡1例,罹患率为2.14%(2 512/117 481)。传染病突发公共卫生事件数占全区突发公共卫生事件总数的94.44%(102/108)。传染病突发公共卫生事件发生的场所主要是学校(81起)和托幼机构(12起),共占91.18%(93/102);传染病突发公共卫生事件数以9—12月最多,共报告50起(占49.02%),发病856例(占34.08%);其次为3―6月,共报告40起(占39.22%),发病1 433例(占57.05%)。以呼吸道传染病为主,共报告57起(占55.88%),发病1 229例(占48.93%),其次为接触传播传染病,共报告40起(占39.22%),发病1 218例(占48.49%)。结论学校和托幼机构是黄浦区传染病突发公共卫生事件的好发场所。今后应加强对传染病突发公共卫生事件的监测,特别是加强对学校及托幼机构的传染病监测,根据传染病流行季节开展针对性的宣传教育。
Objective To understand the prevalence of public health emergencies in infectious diseases in Huangpu District of Guangzhou and provide a scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of public health emergencies. Methods Epidemiological data of all public health emergencies of communicable diseases in Huangpu District of Guangzhou from 2006 to 2011 collected from the national public health emergency report management information system in China’s disease prevention and control information system were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method . Results A total of 102 public health incidents of communicable diseases were reported in Huangpu District from 2006 to 2011, with 21 512 cases and 1 death. The attack rate was 2.14% (2 512/117 481). The number of public health emergencies in infectious diseases accounted for 94.44% (102/108) of the total number of public health emergencies in the region. The number of public health emergencies in infectious diseases occurred mainly in schools (81 cases) and nurseries (12 cases), accounting for 91.18% (93/102); the highest number of public health emergencies in infectious diseases was in September-December (49.02%), 856 (34.08%) were reported, followed by 3-6 months (40 cases), accounting for 39.22%, and 1 433 cases (57.05%) were reported. A total of 57 cases were reported (55.88%), with 1 229 cases (48.93%), followed by contagious diseases, 40 cases (39.22%) and 1 218 cases 48.49%). Conclusion Schools and nurseries are a good place for public health emergencies in infectious diseases in Huangpu District. In the future, monitoring of public health emergencies of communicable diseases should be stepped up. In particular, monitoring of infectious diseases in schools and nurseries should be strengthened. Targeted publicity and education should be conducted according to the epidemic season of infectious diseases.