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目的：提供除吸烟以外的外环境因素与吸烟发生慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）关系的信息。方法：在北京房山区２３个自然村筛查出１５４例吸烟无慢性呼吸道疾病症状的ＣＯＰＤ患者（ＦＥＶ１／ＦＶＣ＜７０％），在同年龄（±３岁）、同性别、同居住地吸烟的正常人群中（无慢性呼吸道疾病症状且ＦＥＶ１／ＦＶＣ≥７５％），按１∶１配对作为对照。其中男性１３７对，女性１７对。问卷包括个人一般情况、居室环境、职业暴露史、吸烟史、饮酒史、过敏史、个人史、家族史。肺功能测定，包括用力肺活量（ＦＶＣ），第一秒用力肺活量（ＦＥＶ１）及ＦＥＶ１／ＦＶＣ等。结果：病例组与对照组年龄、受教育程度、吸烟量无显著差异。单因素分析：冬季热炉取暖方式（ＯＲ＝１．７５）、厨房没有安装抽油烟机（ＯＲ＝２．０３）及居住土坯房屋类型（ＯＲ＝１．８２）等居室环境与ＣＯＰＤ发生有关联（Ｐ＜０．０５）；接触谷尘（ＯＲ＝１．６３）、化学品（ＯＲ＝１１．７７）等职业暴露；吸烟深吸（ＯＲ＝１．６８）、有无过滤嘴（ＯＲ＝２．５５）、家族慢性支气管炎史（ＯＲ＝１．７４）等与ＣＯＰＤ发生有关联，统计学上有显著性意义。多因素Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ分析结果表明，接触化学品（ＯＲ＝３．２７）、吸
Purpose: To provide information on the relationship between external environmental factors other than smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS: A total of 154 COPD patients (FEV1 / FVC <70%) with no symptoms of chronic respiratory disease were screened out in 23 villages in Fangshan District, Beijing. Normal subjects (± 3 years old) (Without chronic respiratory disease symptoms and FEV1 / FVC ≥ 75%), paired by 1: 1 as a control. 137 males and 17 females. Questionnaires include personal general, room environment, occupational exposure history, smoking history, drinking history, allergy history, personal history, family history. Pulmonary function tests include forced vital capacity (FVC), forced vital capacity in the first second (FEV1) and FEV1 / FVC. Results: There was no significant difference in age, education level and smoking between case group and control group. Univariate analysis showed that the indoor environment such as winter stove heating (OR = 1.75), kitchen without the range hood (OR = 2.03) and the living adobe house type (OR = 1.82) (OR = 1.63), chemical (OR = 11.77) and other occupational exposures; deep smoking (OR = 1.68), with or without filter (OR = 2 .55), family history of chronic bronchitis (OR = 1.74) and other related to the occurrence of COPD, statistically significant. Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that exposure to chemicals (OR = 3.27), aspiration