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俄中交往始于明末1618年的俄国佩特林使团访华,而非17世纪中叶的清初。本文在苏方研究和俄语、汉语、英语原始资料的基础上,考察俄国人开辟俄华通道出使中国的背景,俄蒙通道的开辟和俄蒙关系的建立;考证使团的人数、路线、行期;评说《中国、蒙古见闻记》的内容、特色和价值;分析佩特林之后俄中交往暂辍的原因;研讨佩特林访华的余波和影响,包括1642年维尔申宁访华,对英中开始交往的推进,明皇国书的下落,所谓先于佩特林的访华俄使传说,以及有关的问题。
The Russo-Chinese interaction began with the visit of the Russian delegation to Petaling in 1618 in the late Ming Dynasty, rather than the early Qing Dynasty in the mid-17th century. Based on the study of the Soviet Union and the original data of Russian, Chinese and English, this paper examines the background of Russia’s opening up the Russian China Passage to China, the opening up of the Russian-Mongolian Passage and the establishment of the relations between Russia and Mongolia. Commenting on the contents, characteristics and values of the “China-Mongolia Insight Munitions”; analyzing the reasons for the temporary suspension of contacts between China and Mongolia after Petrinton; and discussing the aftermath and impact of Petling’s visit to China, including the visit by Wilshenning in 1642 , The promotion of the beginning of the diplomatic relations between China and the United Kingdom, the whereabouts of the Ming Empire State Book, the so-called precedence over Petlin’s visit to China and Russia, and the related issues.