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新中国收入分配制度和政策的演变大致经历了三个时期:一是从1949年建国到1978年的29年,特点是生产资料的公有化和生活资料占有的平均化;二是从1978年至1991年的13年,特点是生产资料公有制下的经营方式多样化和生活资料的快速增长与城乡居民收入差距的缩小;三是1992年至2006年的15年,特点是生产资料所有制的多样化和城乡与城市居民生活资料占有差距的快速扩大化。新中国收入分配变化的轨迹经历了一个由旧中国收入水平极低、分配极不平等通过革命手段达到过度平均,然后又由这种过度平均通过改革走向拉开收入差距的“否定之否定”过程;收入的平均程度主要受到中国共产党的经济思想、发展战略、经济体制、经济政策变化以及不同时期积累与消费关系变动的制约。
The evolution of income distribution system and policy in New China has generally gone through three periods: first, from 1949 to 29 years in 1978, characterized by the commonalization of means of production and the averaging of means of subsistence; second, from 1978 to The 13 years of 1991 were characterized by the diversification of modes of operation under the public ownership of the means of production and the rapid growth of the means of subsistence and the narrowing of the income gap between urban and rural residents. Third, the 15 years from 1992 to 2006 were characterized by the diversification of the ownership of the means of production And urban and rural areas and urban residents living materials to expand the gap between the rapid expansion. The trajectory of the change of income distribution in New China has experienced a “negation of the negation ” by which the income of old China was extremely low, the distribution of income was over-averaged through revolutionary means, and then the income gap was widened through this over-average reform. "The average income level is mainly affected by the CPC's economic thinking, development strategy, economic system, changes in economic policies and changes in the accumulation and consumption relations in different periods.