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君臣冲突的核心在于臣子对君主的批评,主要表现是政治批评。从历朝历代的君臣冲突现象来看,君主一般对与臣子的政治批评都采取抑制的态度。君臣冲突广泛存在于封建王朝时期,明代更是如此。导致明代君臣冲突最根本的原因在于双方的政治理念分歧,臣子希望皇帝可以多关注民间社会,而皇帝在政治实践中往往有唯我独大的倾向。研究明代的君臣冲突,不仅对于研究明代统治者治国政策有积极意义,同时对于研究明代士阶层文化具有一定价值。
The core of the monarchy and the clan lies in the criticism of the courtiers on the monarch, whose main manifestation is political criticism. Judging from the clashes between the monarchs and the dynasties in successive dynasties, the monarchs always took a repressive attitude toward the political criticism with the courtiers. The clash between monarch and court is widespread in feudal dynasties, especially in Ming dynasty. The most fundamental reason that led to the conflict between monarchs and civil servants in the Ming Dynasty was the divergence of political ideas between the two sides. The courtiers hoped that the emperor would pay more attention to civil society, and that the emperor tended to be the dominant monopolist in political practice. Studying the conflicts between the emperor and the minister in the Ming Dynasty not only has the positive significance for the study of the governing policies of the rulers in the Ming Dynasty, but also has certain value for the study of the scholars’ class culture.