目的:探讨与新生儿医院感染有关的危险因素,制定适宜的预防措施,减少新生儿医院感染。方法:选取2014年6月~2016年6月浙江省舟山市妇幼保健院收入的768名新生儿为研究对象,对新生儿临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:共69名新生儿发生感染,感染率为8.98%,主要以肺部感染为主;产妇年龄、分娩方式、新生儿住院情况和时间长短等是感染发生的高危因素。结论:对产妇年龄较大、采用剖宫产分娩的新生儿应多注意观察,尽量缩短新生儿住院时间,降低新生儿医院感染的发生率。 Objective: To explore the risk factors associated with neonatal nosocomial infection and to develop appropriate preventive measures to reduce neonatal nosocomial infections. METHODS: A total of 768 newborns from June 2014 to June 2016 in Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province were enrolled in this study. The clinical data of neonates were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 69 newborns were infected with the infection rate of 8.98%. The main infection was pulmonary infection. Maternal age, mode of delivery, neonatal hospitalization and time were the risk factors of infection. Conclusion: For maternal age, neonatal cesarean delivery should pay more attention to observe, to minimize neonatal hospital stay and reduce the incidence of neonatal hospital infection.