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甘蔗是我国最大宗的热带作物及主要的糖料作物,其种植面积占我国糖料种植面积的85%以上,我国种植甘蔗约181.6万hm2,是世界第3大甘蔗生产国,甘蔗产业已成为我国主产区经济发展的重要支柱和农民增收的主要来源[1-3],主要产区集中在广西、云南及广东等地,其中广西占全国产量的60%以上。甘蔗生产全程机械化包括耕整地、种植、中耕、植保、收获和装运等,而中耕是甘蔗生产中极为重要的工序,也是劳动密集型的作业工序,主要包括旋耕除草、破垄(宿根甘蔗)或开沟(新植甘蔗)、施肥及培土等工序。由于甘蔗生产机械化水平较低,现阶段中耕施肥主要依靠人畜作业,手工撒肥,劳动强度大、作业成本高,因此机械化施肥替代人畜作业是必然发展趋势。
Sugar cane is the largest tropical crop in China and its main sugar crop. Its planting area accounts for over 85% of the sugar cane planted in our country. About 1,816,000 hm2 of sugarcane is planted in China, making it the third largest sugar cane producer in the world and the sugar cane industry has become An important pillar of economic development in China’s major producing areas and a major source of income increase for farmers [1-3], the major producing areas are concentrated in Guangxi, Yunnan and Guangdong, of which Guangxi accounts for more than 60% of the national output. Sugarcane production full mechanization, including tillage, planting, cultivating, plant protection, harvesting and shipping, etc. Cultivation is an extremely important process in sugar cane production, but also labor-intensive operations processes, including rotary weeding, broken ridge (perennial sugar cane) Or ditching (newly planted sugarcane), fertilizing and soil preparation processes. Due to the low level of mechanization of sugar cane production, at this stage, cultivation and fertilization rely mainly on livestock and livestock operations, man-made manure, labor intensity and high operating costs. Therefore, mechanized fertilization instead of livestock and poultry is an inevitable development trend.