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【目的】探讨亚低温对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后自体神经干细胞 HIF-1α、MMP-2表达的影响。【方法】72只SD大鼠随机分为：假手术组(A组)、缺血再灌注+常温组(B组)、缺血再灌注+亚低温组(C组)。检测并比较A组、B组和C组缺血后再灌注各时间点的海马区 HIF-1α、MMP-2的表达水平。【结果】A组可见很少量的 HIF-1α、MMP-2表达；B组和C组再灌注1 d 后 HIF-1α、MMP-2阳性细胞表达均处于较高水平，再灌注3 d后阳性细胞表达逐渐下降，再灌注1 d、3 d及7 d后 C组阳性细胞数均较B组低(P 0.05)。【结论】亚低温对 SD大鼠脑缺血再灌注后的神经保护作用可能与亚低温治疗抑制 HIF-1α、MMP-2阳性细胞的表达有关。“,”Obj ective]To observe the effects of mild hypothermia on cerebral ischemic rats and observe the expression of HIF-1αand MMP-2 in order to explore the neuroprotective mechanisms of mild hypothermia.[Meth-ods]Seventy-two adult SD rats were divided randomly into three groups:the sham group,ischemia/reperfusion model + normal body temperature group,and the ischemia/reperfusion model + hypothermia group.Every group was analyzed at four time points after ischemia/reperfusion:1d,3d,7d and 14d.The expression of HIF-1αand MMP-2 was detected at each time point immunohistochemically.[Results]There was a small fraction of HIF-1αand MMP-2 positive expression in the sham group.In the normal body temperature group and hypothermia group,we observed that the expression of HIF-1αand MMP-2 increased at 1d but decreased at 3d,there were sig-nificant differences between the two groups,which was shown the positivity in hypothermia group lower than that in normal temperature group at 1d,3d and 7d(P 0.05).[Conclusion]Neuroprotection of mild hypothermia may contrib-ute to the decrease in expression of HIF-1αand MMP-2 after cerebral ischemia reperfusion.