现知许多疾病与脾功能低下有关,严重的脾功能低下同无脾症或脾切除后的病人一样,可引起死亡。本文讨论脾功能低下有关的几个问题: 一、脾脏的功能:脾脏在青春期发育达到其最大重量,约200克,仅贮存血液20毫升,胚胎时期脾脏有造血功能,出生后仅制造单核细胞和淋巴细胞,脾脏的微循环有独特的结构,进入脾脏的血液仅10％直接进入静脉窦、90％进入红髓的开放循环。在生理情况下,衰老的红细胞因丧失了酶活性,使红细胞缺乏弹性,故留在脾脏被破坏。在病理情况下,脾脏的溶血作用机制是:遗传性球形红细胞增多症的红细胞“可变性”小,而镰刀状贫血和血红蛋白C的红细胞“太硬”不能变形,故不能通过静脉窦内皮细胞间的基膜小孔,被扣留在脾脏 Many diseases are now known to be associated with poor splenic function. Serious splenic dysfunction, like those with splenomegaly or splenectomy, can cause death. This article discusses several issues related to spleen dysfunction: First, the spleen’s function: the spleen in puberty to reach its maximum weight of about 200 grams, only 20 ml of blood storage, embryonic period of the hematopoietic function of the spleen, monocytes produced after birth And lymphocytes, the microcirculation of the spleen has a unique structure, enter the spleen of the blood only 10% directly into the sinus, 90% into the red pulp open circulation. In physiological conditions, the loss of aging of the red blood cell enzyme activity, the lack of flexibility of the red blood cells, so stay in the spleen is destroyed. Under pathological conditions, the hemolysis mechanism of the spleen is: hereditary spherocytosis erythrocyte “variability” is small, and sickle-shaped anemia and hemoglobin C red blood cells “too hard” can not be deformed, it can not through the sinus venous endothelial cells The basement membrane pores were trapped in the spleen