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民国时期,赵翼史学引起学界关注,他的代表作《廿二史札记》成为中国通史创作的一大渊源,时人撰写新通史时普遍借鉴其成果,邓之诚、周谷城和钱穆三家尤为典型。比较而言,邓之诚侧重吸收,延续了赵翼的史学观点和历史编纂思想;周谷城倾向改良,借用赵翼的史料阐明“历史完形”理论;钱穆偏向融会,结合新方法发展赵翼史学。三人治学门径不同,却同样关注《廿二史札记》,他们传承赵翼史学的方式呈现出史学现代化过程中三种典型的治学路径。由此可见,赵翼史学可以作为了解传统史学现代化转型的切入点。分析这三部通史对赵翼史学的不同取舍,有助于彰显传统史学现代化转型的不同面向、挖掘传统学术中蕴含的现代性因素。
During the period of the Republic of China, Zhao Yi’s history attracted the attention of academic circles. His masterpiece “Twenty-two Historical Notes” became one of the great origins of the creation of general history in China. When people wrote the new general history, they generally borrowed the achievements of Deng Zhicheng, Zhou Gucheng and Qian Mu. Comparatively speaking, Deng Zhicheng focused on absorbing and inheriting Zhao Yi’s historiographical ideas and historical compilation ideas; Zhou Gucheng tended to improve and borrowed Zhao Yi’s historical materials to clarify the theory of “history-related”; Qian Mu biased in favor of integration and developed Zhao Yi historiography . The three scholars have different academic backgrounds, yet they pay equal attention to the “Twenty-two Historical Notes”, and they inherit the historical style of Zhao Yi and present three typical pathways for the study of modernization. This shows that Zhao Yi history can serve as an entry point to understand the transformation of traditional historiography. Analyzing the different choices of the three general histories of Zhao Yi historiography helps to highlight the different aspects of the modernization of the traditional historiography and to explore the modernity factors contained in the traditional scholarship.