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本文介绍了一台由理想气体作为工质的理想制冷机。其制冷效率为压缩机和膨胀器效率,热交换器温差及热交换器压降的函数。这种方法尽管不适用于各个零部件的设计,但它却清楚地表明了整个循环效率与各分部件效率的相互关系。然而,对利用真实气体性质的具体循环所作的计算机研究又往往使各个细节掩盖了主要方面。研究结果表明。在一个有效循环中,主要损失存在于压缩机和膨胀器的冷端。就目前的压缩机和膨胀器的效率来讲,氦温度制冷机的最大实际效率大约是卡诺效率的37％。
This article presents an ideal refrigerator with ideal gas as working fluid. The cooling efficiency is a function of compressor and expander efficiency, heat exchanger temperature difference, and heat exchanger pressure drop. Although this method does not apply to the design of individual components, it clearly shows the relationship between the overall cycle efficiency and the efficiency of each sub-component. However, computer studies of the specific cycles that make use of the properties of real gases often mask all the major aspects. Research indicates. In an effective cycle, the main loss is at the cold end of the compressor and expander. In terms of current compressor and expander efficiencies, the maximum practical efficiency of a helium temperature refrigerator is about 37% of the Carnot efficiency.