A great amount of iron and steel has been consumed in impact wear resistance parts such as grinding balls and lining plates in tube mills.Under this working conditions,the failure of wear resistant white irons is generally caused by fatigue spalling.The martensitic high chromium cast iron(W_(Cr) = 15%) has good wear resistance,but its cost is higher.The impact wear resistance of low chromium cast iron sometimes is not good.In the present paper,a new wear resistant material-low Cr-Si cast iron was introduced.The influence of microstructure of cast iron on impact fatigue resistance and impact wear resistance was discussed.The ball-onball impact fatigue test,the high stress impact wear test and the field test of the grinding balls have been carried out.The results showed that the impact fatigue resistance(IFR) and impact wear resistance(IWR) of low Cr-Si cast iron are superior to typical low chromium cast irons and close to the martensitic high chromium cast iron.The main reasons are:① The as-cast matrix of the low Cr-Si cast iron with stress released is pearlite with better plasticity and toughness;② The high Si content improves the morphology of eutectic carbide,and has no secondary carbide resulting in less crack sources.All these factors are beneficial to the improvement of impact fatigue spalling resistance and impact wear resistance. A great amount of iron and steel has been consumed in impact wear resistance parts such as grinding balls and lining plates in tube mills. Under this working conditions, the failure of wear resistant white irons is generally caused by fatigue spalling. Martensitic high chromium cast iron (W_ (Cr) = 15%) has good wear resistance, but its cost is higher. The impact wear resistance of low chromium cast iron is not good. the present paper, a new wear resistant material-low Cr-Si cast iron was introduced. The influence of microstructure of cast iron on impact fatigue resistance and impact wear resistance was discussed. ball-onball impact fatigue test, the high stress impact wear test and the field test of the grinding balls have been carried out. The results showed that the impact fatigue resistance (IFR) and impact wear resistance (IWR) of low Cr-Si cast iron are superior to typical low chromium cast irons and close to the martensitic high chromium cast iron. The main reasons are: ① The as-cast matrix of the low Cr-Si cast iron with stress released is pearlite with better plasticity and toughness; ② The high Si content improves the morphology of eutectic carbide, and has no secondary carbide resulting in less crack sources. All these factors are beneficial to the improvement of impact fatigue spalling resistance and impact wear resistance.