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目的 了解职业性手外伤的构成、分布特征及其影响因素。方法 对自 1997年 4月～1998年 3月在上海市华山医院就诊的 1130例急诊职业性手外伤患者进行问卷调查 ,并随机对其中5 8例患者进行随访。结果 患者平均年龄为 31.3岁 ,男女性别比为 5 .4∶1;2 0～ 5 0岁的青壮年占83 .3%。来自工业性企业患者占 6 0 %。开放性外伤占所有职业性手外伤的 93.6 % ;手指损伤占所有病例的 79.7%。 5 1.1%的患者为中、重度手外伤 ,其中机器致伤的占 49.9%。结论 职业性手外伤主要发生在青壮年男性和工业性企业中 ;机器损伤是导致中、重度职业性手外伤最常见的原因 ,应成为职业性手外伤预防的重点。
Objective To understand the composition and distribution of occupational hand injuries and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 1 130 cases of emergency occupational hand trauma patients who were treated in Huashan Hospital of Shanghai from April 1997 to March 1998 were surveyed and randomly selected 58 cases were followed up. Results The average age of patients was 31.3 years old, the sex ratio of male to female was 5.4: 1, and 83.3% of young adults aged 20 to 50 years old. Patients from industrial enterprises accounted for 60%. Open trauma accounted for 93.6% of all occupational hand injuries; finger injuries accounted for 79.7% of all cases. 1.1 1.1% of patients were moderate and severe hand injuries, of which 49.9% were machine-injured. Conclusion Occupational hand injuries mainly occur in young and middle-aged men and industrial enterprises. Machine injury is the most common cause of moderate and severe occupational hand injuries and should become the focus of prevention of occupational hand injuries.