建立了二维浅水方程的高分辨率数学模型。求解浅水方程时,将方程做空间差分算子分裂,并沿各空间方向采用有限体积法积分方程,应用二阶上风TVD格式确定有限体积交界面处的物理量通量。应用该模型对矩型明渠坝体瞬间全溃的洪水波进行了计算,并将计算值与理论解进行了比较;最后用该模型对大坝瞬间局部溃倒所致的洪水演进过程进行了数值模拟,对模拟结果进行了定性分析,并与其它算法进行了比较,表明该模型对模拟溃坝洪水波是有效的。 A high-resolution mathematical model of two-dimensional shallow water equation is established. When solving the shallow water equation, the equation is divided into space differential operators, and the finite volume integral equation is used along each spatial direction. The second order upper wind TVD format is used to determine the physical flux at the finite volume interface. The model was applied to calculate the instantaneous total collapse of a rectangular open channel dam, and the calculated values ​​were compared with the theoretical solution. Finally, the numerical simulation of the flood evolution caused by the instantaneous local collapse of the dam was carried out. Simulation, the simulation results were qualitatively analyzed and compared with other algorithms, indicating that the model is effective in simulating dam-break flood waves.