早熟苦荬菜（Lactucaindica）属菊科一年生草本植物，又名苦麻菜、苦苣等。原为野生植物，经多年驯化选育，现已成为高产优质青饲料作物。但因生育期较长，在无霜期较短的黑龙江省，得不到成熟的种子，影响了推广应用。黑龙江省畜牧研究所从１９９７年开始进行早熟苦荬菜的选育 Lactucaindica is an annual asteraceae herb, also known as turmeric, bitter chicory and so on. Originally wild plants, after years of domestication and breeding, has now become a high-yielding high-quality green fodder crops. However, due to the longer growth period, the mature seeds can not be obtained in Heilongjiang Province, which has a short frost-free period, which has affected the popularization and application. Heilongjiang Provincial Institute of Animal Husbandry from 1997 on early breeding bitter cabbage