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孔多塞（M．Cowhrcet）最早发现了“投票悖论”，经由布莱克（D．Black）的研究重新引起理论界重视。投票理论的深入研究发现了政治投票作为一种社会选择机制的不完善性。阿罗更是对社会选择作了公理化、抽象化的研究和表述，提出了著名的阿罗定理，揭示出社会选择悖论。很多研究者对阿罗定理的强条件作了放松的尝试，但结果并不令人满意，社会选择悖论似乎牢不可破。为有助于对社会选择难题的更为深刻的理解，本文对社会选择悻论的原因作出自己的分析，进而得出结论：为了避免陷入社会选择悖论的困境，必须在前社会选择阶段对于社会的基本价值规范取得一致。
The earliest discovered “voting paradox” by M. Cowhrcet rekindled theorists’ attention through the study of D. Black. In-depth study of voting theory has found the imperfection of political voting as a social choice mechanism. Arrow is more axiomatic, abstract research and expression of social choice, put forward the famous Arrow theorem, reveals the social choice paradox. Many researchers have tried to relax the strong conditions of the Arrow theorem, but the results are unsatisfactory. The paradox of social choice seems unbreakable. In order to contribute to a more profound understanding of social choice problems, this article makes an analysis of the reasons for social choice theories and concludes that in order to avoid falling into the predicament of social choice paradox, The basic values of society have been agreed.