论文部分内容阅读
为探究文本背景下句子错误记忆的发展性逆转现象及精加工推理效应,95名有效被试学习3篇文本材料后,参与由学过句、内涵推理句、外延推理句和无关句组成的再认测验。结果发现:(1)高中二年级被试学过句的正确再认率和关键诱饵句的校正的错误再认率均显著高于小学五年级和初中二年级,后二者差异不显著;(2)内涵推理句错误再认率高于外延推理句,高中二年级被试尤甚。结论:(1)句子真实记忆随着年龄增长而增加;句子错误记忆存在发展性逆转现象,初中二年级到高中二年级是句子错误记忆发展相对迅速的阶段;(2)文本背景下,不同的精加工推理诱发了不同程度的句子错误记忆,这种精加工推理效应与一般世界知识的自上而下激活的程度有关。
In order to explore the developmental reversal phenomenon of sentence error memory and the reasoning effect of finishing reasoning in the context of texts, 95 valid participants were asked to study three textual materials and then to participate in a sentence consisting of a learned sentence, an inference sentence, an extended inference sentence and an unrelated sentence Recognize the test. The results showed that: (1) The correct recognition rates of the sophomores in the second year of high school and those of the key decoy sentences were significantly higher than those in the fifth grade and the second grade of the elementary school. The difference between the two was insignificant. 2) Consequence of inference error recognition rate higher than epitaxial reasoning sentence, especially in high school sophomores. Conclusion: (1) Sentence real memory increases with age; sentence error memory has the phenomenon of developmental reversal, the second grade from middle school to senior high school is a relatively rapid stage in the development of sentence error memory; (2) Under the background of text, Finishing reasoning induces varying degrees of false sentence memory, which is related to the extent to which top-down activation of general world knowledge is activated.