朱肱的《活人书》是宋代著名的伤寒学著作,流传广泛,版本众多,对后世伤寒学产生了巨大影响。是书几乎每一次刊刻皆有文字上的较多改动。增加编号,统一体例,补充注释,更改剂量是造成这些版本间差异的主要原因,这些改变一方面是出于检索方便的考虑,另一方面也反映出医学理论的发展及度量衡制度的变革。这些特点提示我们在校勘中医古籍时需要留意的不仅仅是文字的差异,结构与体例等方面的变化更为重要。 Zhu braid’s “living book” is a well-known book of typhoid fever in the Song Dynasty, spread widely, many versions, had a tremendous impact on future typhoid fever. There are more variations on the text almost every time. The addition of numbers, harmonization of methods, supplemental annotations, and dose changes are the main reasons for these differences between these versions. These changes are both convenient for retrieval and reflect the development of medical theory and changes in the weight system. These characteristics suggest that we need to pay more attention to the changes of texts, structure and system in the collation of ancient Chinese medical books.