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目的探讨工作场所的安全氛围与工人吸烟行为的关系。方法应用自填式问卷,采用方便抽样方法,于2010年11月至2011年5月对佛山市南海区33家制造业企业男性一线生产工人进行调查,内容包括社会人口学特征、安全氛围等工作场所相关特征和吸烟行为等。采用多水平logistic回归分析安全氛围与吸烟行为的关系。结果共回收有效问卷3 326份,吸烟人数1 303人,吸烟率为39.2%;工人平均年龄(31.3±8.8)岁;婚姻状况以已婚者居多,占64.0%(1 999/3122);初中文化水平占多数,占57.4%(1 878/3 270);月收入水平以1 001～2 000者居多,占48.6%(1 559/3 208);33家被调查的企业安全氛围感知的4个维度中,安全警示语及安全防护措施、安全生产培训、管理者关注安全生产、同事关注安全生产得分均值分别为(7.36±0.72)分(满分为9分)、(10.21±0.85)分(满分为13分)、(7.69±0.76)分(满分为9分)、(4.71±0.24)分(满分为5分)。在控制年龄、婚姻、文化水平等因素后的多水平logistic回归分析发现,“安全警示语及安全防护措施”得分与工人吸烟呈负关联(OR=0.59),“安全生产培训”得分与工人吸烟呈正关联(OR=1.35);未发现“管理者关注生产安全”和“同事关注生产安全”与工人吸烟行为有关。结论工人吸烟行为受工作场所安全氛围的影响,提示在工作场所控烟时,要关注营造良好的安全生产氛围。
Objective To explore the relationship between workplace safety atmosphere and worker smoking behavior. Methods A self-administered questionnaire was used to survey male front-line workers in 33 manufacturing enterprises in Nanhai District of Foshan City from November 2010 to May 2011 using the convenient sampling method. The survey included social demographic characteristics and safety atmosphere Site-related features and smoking behavior. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between safety atmosphere and smoking behavior. Results A total of 3 326 valid questionnaires were collected. The number of smokers was 1,303, with a smoking rate of 39.2%. The average age of the workers was 31.3 ± 8.8 years. The marital status was mostly married, accounting for 64.0% (1 999/3122) Accounting for 57.4% of the total (1 878/3 270); the monthly income level was mostly between 1 001 and 2 000 (48.6% (1 559/3 208); the safety awareness of the 33 enterprises surveyed was 4 (7.36 ± 0.72) points (out of 9 points) and (10.21 ± 0.85 points) points (out of 9 points) in safety, safety precautions, safety training and managers’ attention to work safety. Out of 13 points), (7.69 ± 0.76) points (out of 9 points), (4.71 ± 0.24) points (out of 5 points). In the multi-level logistic regression analysis after controlling for age, marital status, education level and other factors, it was found that there was a negative correlation between the “safety warning signs and safety precautions” and the smoking of workers (OR = 0.59), “safety training” The score was positively correlated with smoking among workers (OR = 1.35). It was found that “managers concerned with production safety” and “colleagues concerned with production safety” were not related to smoking behavior of workers. Conclusions The smoking behavior of workers is affected by the safety atmosphere in the workplace, which indicates that we should pay attention to creating a good atmosphere for safe production when tobacco control in the workplace.