论文部分内容阅读
目的了解云南省香格里拉地区喜马拉雅旱獭及其寄生蚤的分布情况,为鼠疫及相关疾病防治研究积累基础资料。方法通过野外现场调查确定喜马拉雅旱獭在香格里拉县的分布范围、分布特点、种群、数量;利用圈套、挖洞等方法捕获旱獭,检体表寄生蚤及洞干蚤,进行生态学研究。结果海拔2 300~4 900 m的7个乡(镇),调查24个点,确认16个点有旱獭分布,在7个旱獭分布点捕获旱獭22只,均为喜马拉雅旱獭(Marmota himalayana);检获獭体寄生蚤56只,属1科1亚科3属3种,分别为斧形盖蚤(Callopsylla dolabris)、谢氏山蚤(Oropsylla silantiewi)、二刺形大锥蚤(Macrostylophora bispiniforma);获洞干蚤7只,分属2科2亚科4属4种,分别为斧形盖蚤、谢氏山蚤、双凹纤蚤(Rhadinopsylla biconcava)和扇形巨槽蚤(Megabothris rhipisoides)。结论香格里拉县北部有喜马拉雅旱獭分布,斧形盖蚤和谢氏山蚤是该地优势蚤种;该地区高山草甸生境与周边喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫疫源地的生态环境相似,同时存在喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫疫源地的主要宿主及主要传播媒介,提示香格里拉县具备喜马拉雅旱獭型鼠疫的宿主、媒介和自然地理条件。
Objective To understand the distribution of the Himalayan Marmota and its parasitic fleas in Shangri-La, Yunnan Province, and to accumulate the basic data for the prevention and treatment of plague and related diseases. Methods Field investigation was conducted to determine the distribution, distribution characteristics, population and quantity of Himalayan Marmota in Shangri-La County. Trap flea and Daphnia magna were trapped by traps and digging holes to conduct ecological research. Results Seven townships (towns) at an altitude of 2300 ~ 4900 m were surveyed, 24 sites were surveyed to confirm the distribution of marmots at 16 points and 22 marmots at the distribution of 7 marmots, all of which were Marmota himalayans; seizures There were 56 otters parasitic fleas belonging to 1 species, 1 subfamily, 3 genera and 3 species, which were Callopsylla dolabris, Oropsylla silantiewi and Macrostylophora bispiniforma respectively. Seven dry cave fleas, belonging to 2 families, 2 subfamilies, 4 genera and 4 species, respectively, hatched flea, Shexial flea, bifacial flea (Rhadinopsylla biconcava) and fan-shaped giant flea (Megabothris rhipisoides). Conclusion Himalayan Marmota is distributed in the northern part of Shangri-La County. Axillary-shaped flea and Xie’s flea are the dominant flea species in the area. The alpine meadow habitat in this region is similar to the plague foci in the surrounding Himalayan plague area, The main host of the source and the main mass media prompted Shangri-La County to host the host, media and physical and geographical conditions of the Himalayan Marmot plague.