二、当前西欧政党面临的主要问题(一)根本性政治问题所加剧的“问题政治”。前面探讨了西欧政党怎样执政的问题。然而,正如前德国总理勃兰特曾说过的:“在关于‘怎样’的问题之前总有一个‘为谁’的问题。”“为谁”也是民主代表性问题。它涉及到社会最基本的矛盾,是一个根本性的政治问题。西欧国家受到政治、经济、社会和文化结构的制约,尤其是政府可控制性财源的限制,无力彻底解决此问题。不过,西欧执政党在20世纪的执政经验表明,可以通过某些手段部分地解决这一问题,从而缓解社会矛盾,化解因矛盾加剧所引起的严重对立与冲突,使利益代表问题不再像某些历史时期(如20世纪20年代和二战后)那 Second, the current major problems facing Western European political parties (A) fundamental political issues exacerbated by “political issues.” In front of the discussion of how the Western European political parties in power. However, as the former German Chancellor Brandt once said: “There is always a question of” who “before the question of” what. “” Who is "is also a question of democratic representation. It involves the most basic social contradictions and is a fundamental political issue. Western European countries are constrained by the political, economic, social and cultural structures, especially by the government’s controllable financial resources, and can not completely solve this problem. However, the ruling power of Western European ruling parties in the 20th century shows that some problems can be solved by some means so as to ease social conflicts and resolve the serious confrontation and conflicts caused by the intensification of contradictions, so that the issue of interest representation is no longer like a certain Some historical period (such as the 1920s and World War II) that