目的探讨儿童神经源性膀胱的超声表现特点,提高超声的辅助诊断价值。方法 45例确诊的神经源性膀胱,结合排泄性尿路造影结果回顾性分析超声表现。结果通过膀胱输尿管远端开口增大诊断反流,灵敏度38.5%、特异度78%;高频超声发现肾瘢痕13例,全部经排泄性尿路造影证实存在反流,膀胱输尿管远端开口增大结合肾瘢痕分析,诊断反流灵敏度可提高至53.8%;36例出现膀胱壁成小梁和(或)假憩室形成,利用截石位观察后尿道无误诊为机械梗阻性膀胱。结论充分认识超声特异表现,提高与其他检查的互补作用,有助于提高本病进展评估的可靠性。 Objective To investigate the ultrasound features of neurogenic bladder in children and to improve the diagnostic value of ultrasound. Methods 45 cases of diagnosed neurogenic bladder were retrospectively analyzed with the results of excretory urography. Results The diagnosis of reflux was increased by the increase of the distal ureter opening, with a sensitivity of 38.5% and specificity of 78%. High-frequency ultrasound revealed 13 cases of renal scarring. All of them were confirmed by excretory urography, and the distal ureter open Combined with renal scar analysis, the diagnostic sensitivity of reflux can be increased to 53.8%; 36 cases of trabecular meshwork and / or pseudo-diverticulum appear in the bladder wall, and the urethra is not misdiagnosed as mechanical obstructive bladder after lithotomy. Conclusion Full understanding of the specific ultrasound performance and improve the complementarity with other tests, help to improve the reliability of the progress of the disease assessment.