本文从建设和谐社会的当代视角出发,指出《资本论》是资本主义的社会矛盾激烈冲突的产物和理论总结,其主题是对资本主义经济制度不和谐与冲突的揭示和批判,是对未来和谐社会的经济特征的预言和设想,其理论对消除产权侵犯等社会不和谐现象、对关注民生以建设和谐社会具有重要的理论和现实启示。 From the contemporary perspective of building a harmonious society, this paper points out that “Capitalism” is the product and theoretical summary of the intense conflicts in capitalist social conflicts. Its theme is the revealing and criticizing of the discord and conflict of the capitalist economic system, The prophecies and assumptions of the economic characteristics of society have important theoretical and practical implications for eliminating social dissonance such as property infringement and paying attention to people’s livelihood and building a harmonious society.