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为了了解龙湾国家级自然保护区湿地土壤动物的多样性及其季节变化特征,于2011年5月、7月和9月,对该保护区沼泽土壤动物多样性进行了研究。在该保护区的4块采样地中,共获得土壤动物38类2 122只,隶属于3门7纲16目27科,优势类群为甲螨亚目和双翅目幼虫。总体上,油桦(Betula ovilifolia)—臌囊薹草(Carex schmichtii)沼泽和水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica)—薹草(Carex sp.)沼泽的大型土壤动物类群数量和密度高于臌囊苔草沼泽和芦苇(Phragmites australis)—臌囊薹草沼泽,仅油桦—臌囊薹草沼泽的大型土壤动物的物种多样性指数存在季节差异;各采样地的中小型土壤动物类群数量无显著差异,油桦—臌囊薹草沼泽的中小型土壤动物的密度最高,油桦—臌囊薹草沼泽的中小型土壤动物的物种多样性指数在春季最高、夏季最低,其他采样地都是春季最高、秋季最低;各采样地土壤动物类群数量和密度都有明显表聚性。生境差异对土壤动物多样性及其季节变化有明显影响。
In order to know the diversity of the soil animals and their seasonal variations in wetlands in Longwan National Nature Reserve, the diversity of swamp soil animals in this reserve was studied in May, July and September 2011. A total of 2 122 38 soil fauna were collected from 4 sampling sites in the reserve, belonging to 3 families, 7 classes, 16 orders and 27 families. The dominant species were Entomoides and Diptera larvae. In general, the numbers and densities of macro-fauna of Betula ovilifolia-Carex schmichtii swamp and Fraxinus mandshurica-Carex sp swamp were higher than those of Carex schmichtii swamp and Carex sp. In the swamps and Phragmites australis-Cyperus mandshurica swamps, there was a seasonal difference in the species diversity index of macro-soil animals in the oil birch-cyperus penicillata swamp. There was no significant difference in the numbers of small and medium-sized soil fauna between sampling sites, The species density of small and medium-sized soil fauna was the highest in spring and the lowest in summer, the highest in spring and the lowest in other sampling areas. The lowest in autumn; the quantity and density of soil fauna in each sampling site have obvious surface aggregation. Habitat differences in soil animal diversity and its seasonal changes have a significant impact.