目的了解昭通市2004—2011年流行性感冒暴发疫情的流行病学特征,为防止流感疫情的暴发提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对昭通市2004—2011年突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统报告并经确认的流感暴发疫情作回顾性分析,使用Excel对数据进行统计分析。结果 2004—2011年昭通市共报告流行性感冒暴发疫情55起,波及61 699人,发病9 585例。流行性感冒暴发疫情92.72%发生在中小学校;流感主要流行类型是B型流感,2009年出现B型、甲型H1N1和H3N2混合流行。结论流感暴发疫情多出现在季节交替、冷暖变化大的时节,聚集性病例多发生在学校。学校教室通风差和早期不易识别病例是疫情扩散的主要原因。 Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic outbreaks of influenza in Zhaotong from 2004 to 2011 and provide basis for preventing the outbreak of influenza epidemic. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to retrospectively analyze and confirm confirmed outbreaks of influenza in the public health incident reporting management information system of Zhaotong City from 2004 to 2011. The data were statistically analyzed by Excel. Results A total of 55 outbreaks of influenza were reported in Zhaotong City from 2004 to 2011, affecting 61,699 people and 9 585 cases of outbreaks. Influenza outbreak in 92.72% occurred in primary and secondary schools; the main influenza type is influenza B, 2009, B, A H1N1 and H3N2 mixed prevalence. Conclusion Influenza outbreaks occurred in the seasonal alternation, cold and warm changes in the season, clustered cases occurred in schools. Poor ventilation in the classrooms and early identification of cases are the main reasons for the spread of the epidemic.