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目的探讨新生儿接种国产重组(酵母)乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗后的免疫效果,并与血源乙肝疫苗效果比较。方法对1997年出生并接种重组(酵母)乙肝疫苗的新生儿隔年随访一次,采血检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg),乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)和乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc),1998年以后对乙肝免疫人群开展急性乙肝发病监测。结果5年期间3次随访检测 HBsAg 阳性率平均为1.5%,较免前本底的 HBsAg 阳性率呈较大幅度下降,疫苗保护率为83%(95%可信区间为76.97%～89.02%),无论母亲 HBsAg 阳性或阴性,使用不同乙肝疫苗的儿童 HBsAg 阳性率没有统计学差异。接受重组(酵母)乙肝疫苗免疫的对象中,无一例急性乙肝病例报告。结论重组(酵母)乙肝疫苗有较好的近期保护效果和免疫原性,与以前使用血源乙肝疫苗相当。
Objective To investigate the immune effect of newborns vaccinated with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (Hepatitis B) and to compare their efficacy with that of Hepatitis B vaccine. Methods Newborns born in 1997 and inoculated with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine were followed up once a year. Blood samples were collected for detection of HBsAg, HBsAg and HBc (anti-HBc) After 1998, the hepatitis B immunization population to carry out monitoring of acute hepatitis B incidence. Results The positive rate of HBsAg in three follow-ups during the 5-year follow-up was 1.5%, which was significantly lower than that of the pre-ex background. The vaccine protection rate was 83% (95% CI: 76.97% -89.02%) There was no significant difference in the positive rate of HBsAg between children with different hepatitis B vaccines, regardless of the mother’s HBsAg positive or negative. None of the subjects receiving recombinant (yeast) hepatitis B vaccine reported acute hepatitis B cases. Conclusion Recombinant (yeast) hepatitis B vaccine has good protection effect and immunogenicity in recent years, which is equivalent to the previous use of blood-borne hepatitis B vaccine.