现代汉语中的时间副词“正”表动作处在发生或进行状态,强调同时性,所以时间副词“正”的出现一般要有一个参照时间与之相契合。时间副词“正”在句中有两个位置:一是出现在参照时间之后,二是出现在参照时间之前。这两个位置上的“正”在语境、语篇分布、参照时间的选择等方面存在差异,表现出不对称性,这些差异和不对称都可以从认知的角度得到合理的解释。 In modern Chinese, the adverb of time “positive ” table is in the state of occurrence or progress, emphasizing simultaneity, so the appearance of time adverb “positive ” generally needs a reference time to be fit with it. The adverb of time “正” has two positions in the sentence: one after the reference time and the second before the reference time. There are differences in terms of context, discourse distribution, choice of reference time and other aspects of asymmetry in these two positions, and these differences and asymmetries can all be interpreted reasonably from a cognitive perspective .