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结合塔里木河流域近50多年来的水文、气象及遥感等资料,采用数理统计方法分析了塔里木河径流量变化对下游地区沙漠化的影响。结果表明,自20世纪50年代以来,由于人类活动的干扰和塔里木河不同河段水资源分布的不均匀,使塔里木河下游的径流量在不断的减少,导致下游河段断流,湖泊干涸,并对下游地区的地下水位、植被、沙尘暴及大风天气、沙漠化程度都产生了负面影响。而且河流径流量、地下水位、植被、沙漠化之间是相互影响,相互制约的,存在着内在的联系,在整个生态系统中牵一发而动全身,尤其是在生态环境脆弱的干旱、半干旱区。因此,在对水、土等资源的利用过程中,要注重整体效益。
Combined with hydrology, meteorology and remote sensing data in the Tarim River Basin in the past 50 years, the influence of the Tarim River flow on the desertification in the downstream area was analyzed by mathematical statistics. The results show that since the 1950s, due to the disturbance of human activities and the uneven distribution of water resources in different reaches of the Tarim River, the runoff in the lower reaches of the Tarim River has been continuously decreasing, leading to the interruption of downstream rivers and the drying up of lakes. And negatively affected the groundwater table, vegetation, sandstorms, windy weather and desertification in the downstream areas. In addition, river runoff, groundwater level, vegetation and desertification are interdependent and mutually restrictive. There is an intrinsic link between them, which leads the whole ecosystem. Especially in the arid and semi-arid ecosystems, Area. Therefore, in the use of water, soil and other resources, we must pay attention to the overall efficiency.