目的对基底细胞样鳞状细胞癌(BSCC)的临床病理特点、组织起源、诊断与鉴别诊断等进行初步探讨。方法对4例消化道外BSCC做常规石蜡切片,行HE和免疫组化染色。结果 4例中男性1例,女性3例,发病年龄分别为26、58,66和70岁。4例肿瘤分别位于右下鼻道和右上颌窦腔、腭部正中硬软腭交界处、右上臂皮肤及头顶部皮肤。结论 BSCC常呈浸润性生长,肿瘤表面多有溃疡形成,镜下瘤细胞小,呈基底细胞样,排列成实性巢状及条索状,在瘤细胞巢周围的细胞排列成栅栏状,在中央可见特征性的粉刺样坏死。2例BSCC中可见局灶性鳞状细胞分化及角化。免疫组化瘤细胞上皮及肌上皮标记阳性。BSCC须与多种其他恶性肿瘤相鉴别。 Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features, origin, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of basal cell-like squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC). Methods Four cases of BSCC outside the digestive tract were subjected to routine paraffin sections and HE and immunohistochemical staining. Results Among the 4 cases, 1 was male and 3 was female. The age of onset was 26, 58, 66 and 70 years respectively. Four cases were located in the right lower right nasal and right maxillary sinus cavity, palatal soft palate at the junction of the middle right upper arm skin and the top of the skin. Conclusions BSCC often grows infiltratively. There are many ulcerations on the surface of the tumor. The tumor cells are small, basal cell-like and arranged in solid nests and cords. The cells around the tumor nests are arranged in a palisade pattern. The central visible characteristic acne-like necrosis. Differentiation and keratosis of focal squamous cells were observed in 2 cases of BSCC. Immunohistochemical staining of epithelial and myoepithelial cells was positive. The BSCC should be differentiated from many other malignancies.