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目的分析汝州市手足口病流行病学特点和流行趋势,为制定手足口病防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2009-2010年汝州市《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》报告的手足口病资料进行分析。结果 2009-2010年共报告手足口病3 753例,其中重复感染49例,重症病例588例,死亡4例;2 a平均发病率为183.13/10万;3～5月份发病数占发病总数的53.64%(2 013/3 753);汝州市辖区内各乡镇、办事处均有病例报告,2 a报告平均发病率最高乡镇为骑岭乡295.38/10万、最低为寄料镇94.87/10万;男女性别比1.65∶1(2 336/1 417);职业分布以散居儿童为主,占95.04%(3 567/3 753),其次为幼托儿童,占3.84%(144/3 753);发病年龄最小1个月,最大23岁,发病以1~3岁年龄组为主,占72.90%(2 736/3 753)。实验室诊断病例233例,其中EV71、CoxA16、其他肠道病毒感染率分别为73.39%、3.86%、22.75%;重症及死亡病例中,实验室诊断病例192例,其中EV71感染感染率78.6%(P<0.01)。结论汝州市手足口病发病高峰为3~5月份,集中在农村及城乡结合部,发病人群以1~3散居儿童为主,EV71为引起重症及死亡病例发生的主要原因。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and epidemic trends of hand, foot and mouth disease in Ruzhou and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control measures of hand, foot and mouth disease. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze hand-foot-mouth disease data reported in “Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System” in Ruzhou City from 2009 to 2010. Results A total of 3 753 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in 2009-2010, including 49 cases of repeated infection, 588 cases of severe disease and 4 cases of death. The average incidence of 2-year was 183.13 / 100 000; 53.64% (2 013/3 753). Each township and office in Ruzhou had a case report. The highest average incidence was reported in 2 a with a total of 295.38 per 100,000 in Qiling Township and a minimum of 94.87 per 10 The sex ratio of men and women was 1.65: 1 (2 336/1 417). Occupational distribution was dominated by scattered children, accounting for 95.04% (3 567/3 753), followed by preschool children, accounting for 3.84% (144/3 753) ; The age of onset was the smallest one month, the maximum was 23 years old. The incidence was mainly in the age group of 1-3 years, accounting for 72.90% (2 736/3 753). 233 cases were diagnosed in laboratory, among which the infection rates of EV71, CoxA16 and other enteroviruses were 73.39%, 3.86% and 22.75% respectively. Among the severe cases and death cases, 192 cases were laboratory diagnosed, of which EV71 infection rate was 78.6% P <0.01). Conclusions The peak incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Ruzhou City is from March to May. It is mainly concentrated in the rural areas and the junction of urban and rural areas. Most of the patients are from 1 to 3 scattered children. EV71 is the major cause of severe and fatal cases.