论文部分内容阅读
廿多年的临床实践提示,糖皮质激素治疗多数支气管哮喘(以下简称哮喘)患儿的疗效已无庸置疑。另一方面多种药物副作用,虽为人们熟知,但由于医者热衷于药物能较迅速控制症状的一面,而易疏忽副作用的一面。因此,儿科医师应用皮质激素治疗哮喘时,应考虑适应证与禁忌证;合适的剂型、投药途径、剂量及疗程;尽量防止或减少副作用的发生。一、皮质激素治疗哮喘的主要机理(一)抗炎、抗过敏作用:①增加小血管张力,降低毛细血管通透性,以减轻充血和渗出。②稳定细胞溶酶体膜,阻止释出水解酶,从而减轻炎症的损害。尚可抑制浆细胞合成IgE的作用,干扰免疫反应。③
Twenty years of clinical practice suggest that glucocorticoid treatment of most bronchial asthma (hereinafter referred to as asthma) in children with no doubt. On the other hand, side effects of various drugs, although well known, but because doctors are keen on the drug can more quickly control the side of the symptoms, and easy to neglect the side effects. Therefore, pediatricians apply corticosteroids in the treatment of asthma, should consider indications and contraindications; appropriate dosage form, route of administration, dose and treatment; try to prevent or reduce the incidence of side effects. First, the main mechanism of corticosteroids in the treatment of asthma (A) anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic effects: ① increase small blood vessel tension and reduce capillary permeability to reduce congestion and exudation. ② stable cell lysosome membrane, prevent the release of hydrolase, thereby reducing the damage of inflammation. Can still inhibit the plasma cells IgE synthesis, interfere with the immune response. ③