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目的:研究超临界CO_2萃取金莲花总黄酮的工艺以及萃取物的抗氧化作用。方法:利用超临界CO_2萃取法,在单因素试验研究的基础上,选择萃取釜压力、萃取釜温度、静态萃取时间和动态萃取时间4个影响因子,以金莲花总黄酮萃取率为响应值,采用Box-Behnken响应曲面法对提取工艺进行优化。将萃取物以不同比例添加到甜杏仁油中,与人工合成的抗氧化剂TBHQ进行比较,评价其抗氧化性。结果:超临界CO_2萃取金莲花总黄酮的最佳工艺条件为:以无水乙醇为夹带剂,夹带剂流速为0.15 mL/min,萃取釜压力45 MPa,萃取釜温度为55℃,CO_2流速为6 mL/min,静态萃取时间为60 min,动态萃取时间为56 min,金莲花总黄酮萃取率为8.323%。当浓度达到6mg/mL时金莲花黄酮的抗氧化效果和添加0.02%的人工合成抗氧化剂TBHQ的效果相当,可使甜杏仁油的保质期从96 d延长到208 d左右。结论:金莲花总黄酮可以作为甜杏仁油等不饱和脂肪酸含量高的高级植物油的天然抗氧化剂。
Objective: To study the technology of supercritical CO_2 extraction of total flavonoids from Trollius chinensis and the antioxidation of the extracts. Methods: Using supercritical CO_2 extraction, on the basis of single factor experiments, four influencing factors including extraction vessel pressure, extraction vessel temperature, static extraction time and dynamic extraction time were selected. The extraction rate of total flavonoids was used as the response value, The Box-Behnken response surface method was used to optimize the extraction process. The extracts were added to sweet almond oil in different proportions and compared with the synthetic antioxidant TBHQ to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Results: The optimum conditions for extraction of total flavonoids from Trollius chinensis with supercritical CO 2 were: ethanol as entrainer, entrainer flow rate 0.15 mL / min, extraction pressure 45 MPa, extraction temperature 55 ℃, CO 2 flow rate 6 mL / min, static extraction time was 60 min, dynamic extraction time was 56 min, extraction rate of total flavonoids was 8.323%. When the concentration reached 6mg / mL, the antioxidant effect of flavonoids was equivalent to the addition of 0.02% synthetic TBHQ, which could prolong the shelf life of sweet almond oil from 96 days to 208 days. Conclusion: The total flavonoids of Trollius chinensis can be used as natural antioxidants of high-grade vegetable oils with high content of unsaturated fatty acids, such as sweet almond oil.