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兰坪-思茅盆地目前是我国唯一的固体钾盐产区,随着勘探程度的深入,其钾盐储量有望进一步增加,为保证国家粮食产量和粮食安全提供有利支撑。文章综述了近年来公开发表的兰坪-思茅盆地钾盐成矿方面的相关文献,得出:1)兰坪-思茅盆地处于特提斯钾盐成矿域,尽管盆地内已经发现了勐野井钾盐矿,但是其规模较小,更大规模的钾盐矿有待被发现;2)盆地以中—新生界沉积盖层为主,下三叠统因构造抬升而缺失,中—上三叠统为海相地层,侏罗系为海陆过渡相,白垩系及以上地层为陆相沉积;3)盆地内钾盐的产层为勐野井组,主要含钾矿物为钾石盐,其次为光卤石;4)Br的相对含量和δ~(11)B、δ~(34)S_(CDT)、~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr的值显示盐岩物源以海水为主,同时受陆源水和火山活动的影响;5)钾盐矿床化学类型、成盐物质来源和成盐时代等方面与呵叻盆地相似,但呵叻盆地主要的含钾矿物为光卤石。针对兰坪-思茅盆地钾盐资源勘查,在今后的工作中需进一步厘清成盐物质来源和成盐时代,也需要加强与邻区钾盐成矿模式的对比研究。
Lanping-Simao Basin is currently the only solid potassium salt producing area in China. With further exploration, its potash reserves are expected to increase further, providing favorable support for ensuring the country’s grain output and food security. This paper summarizes the published literature about the potash mineralization in the Lanping-Simao Basin published in recent years, and draws the following conclusions: 1) The Lanping-Simao Basin is in the Tethys Potash mineralization area. Although there have been found Mengno wells Potash deposits, however, are smaller and larger-scale potash reservoirs to be discovered. 2) The basin is dominated by sediments of Meso-Cenozoic sediments, and the Lower Triassic is missing due to tectonic uplift. The Middle-Upper Triassic They are the marine strata, the Jurassic transitional facies of the sea and the Cretaceous, and the strata above the Cretaceous; and the strata of the Potash salt in the basin are the Mengyejing Formation, with the main potassium-bearing mineral being potassium salt, followed by the light The relative contents of Br and the δ ~ (11) B, δ ~ (34) S_ (CDT) and ~ (87) Sr / ~ (86) Sr values show that the source rocks are mainly seawater, While being affected by terrigenous water and volcanic activity. 5) Similar to the Nakhon Ratchasima Basin in terms of chemical type, sources of salt-forming substances and salt-forming age, the main potassium-bearing mineral in the Nakhon Ratchalak Basin is carnallite. In view of the exploration of potash resources in Lanping-Simao Basin, it is necessary to further clarify the source of salinity-forming materials and salinization in future work and also need to strengthen the comparative study of the mineralization patterns with the adjacent potash.