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目的了解装修工人职业相关危险因素暴露和知信行情况,探索装修工人职业病的预防和控制策略。方法采用整群抽样的方法,于2013年6月对中山市某地区2个工厂的473名装修工人进行职业相关危险因素调查。结果 6.40%的装修工人有职业病史,73.6%曾有急性中毒症状。单因素分析显示,工人职业相关症状在性别、年龄、工作场所设置通风设施、定期健康检查、日工作时长、体育锻炼、吸烟、工作相关病史、知晓接触物为有害物质、操作时采取防护措施、在工作场所进食等发生率不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归显示,人群中性别(OR=0.448,P<0.05)、体育锻炼(OR=0.176和0.301,P<0.05)、工作相关疾病史(OR=25.562,P<0.05)、定期健康检查(OR=2.523,P<0.05)、在工作场所进食(OR=0.58,P<0.05)这5项与职业引起的急性症状相关。结论装修工人职业病危险暴露因素的知信行较差,应加强个人防护措施,改善职业环境,提高装修工人对职业病防治重要性的认识,以减少职业病的危害。
Objective To understand the exposure of job-related workers to occupational hazards and the status of knowledge and information, and to explore the prevention and control strategies of occupational diseases for fitters. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to conduct occupational risk factors survey on 473 renovating workers in two factories in a certain area of Zhongshan City in June 2013. The results of 6.40% of the renovation workers have a medical history, 73.6% had symptoms of acute poisoning. Univariate analysis showed that occupational related symptoms of workers were provided with ventilation facilities, regular health examination, working hours, physical exercise, smoking, work-related medical history in gender, age, workplace, knowing that contact materials were harmful substances, taking protective measures during operation, Logistic regression showed that there was no significant difference between the groups in sex (OR = 0.448, P <0.05), physical exercise (OR = 0.176 and 0.301, P <0.05) (OR = 25.562, P <0.05), regular health check-ups (OR = 2.523, P <0.05), and 5 work-place-related acute symptoms Related. Conclusion The decoration workers exposed to occupational risk factors of poor credit, we should strengthen personal protective measures to improve the working environment and improve the decoration workers awareness of the importance of occupational disease prevention and control in order to reduce the hazards of occupational diseases.