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目的调查儿童医院皮肤科会诊患者的临床资料,了解住院皮肤病患者的疾病谱分布情况,为临床会诊提供参考依据。方法采用回顾性分析的方法,对2015年10月—2016年3月北京儿童医院住院患者皮肤科会诊患者的临床资料用JMP10软件记录并统计,分析总结其特点。结果在6个月时间跨度内,皮肤科会诊患者共686例(776例次),行皮肤组织病理检查48例、真菌镜检4例。会诊科室以呼吸内科121例次(15.59%)、感染内科103例次(13.27%)和风湿免疫科79例次(10.18%)为主;皮肤科会诊疾病的构成比以变态反应性皮肤病、病毒感染性皮肤病、结缔组织病分别占前3位。其中在变态反应性皮肤病中,药疹仅次于湿疹、特应性皮炎比例,占8.2%。结论儿童疾病谱和成人存在差异,疾病构成较成人疾病谱更为丰富。皮肤科会诊患者仍以变态反应性皮肤病为主,其中药疹比例较高,提示临床上对于儿童患者需加强合理用药,减少药疹的发病率。
Objective To investigate the clinical data of patients in dermatology clinic of Children’s Hospital and to find out the distribution of disease spectrum in inpatients with dermatology and to provide reference for clinical consultation. Methods The clinical data of inpatients with dermatology consultation at Beijing Children’s Hospital from October 2015 to March 2016 were recorded and analyzed by JMP10 software and analyzed retrospectively. Results A total of 686 cases (776 cases) of dermatological consultation were performed in 6-month time span, and 48 cases of skin histopathology and 4 cases of fungal microscopy. The departments of respiratory consultation consisted of 121 cases (15.59%) of respiratory medicine, 103 cases (13.27%) of infections and 79 cases of rheumatoid arthritis (10.18%). The ratio of dermatological consultation diseases was higher than that of allergic dermatosis, Infectious skin diseases, connective tissue diseases accounted for the first three. Among the allergic dermatoses, drug eruption is second only to eczema and atopic dermatitis, accounting for 8.2%. Conclusion The spectrum of pediatric diseases is different from that of adults, and the spectrum of diseases is more abundant than that of adults. Dermatology consultation patients are still mainly allergic dermatosis, of which a higher proportion of drug eruption, suggesting that children should be clinically appropriate to strengthen the rational use of drugs to reduce the incidence of drug eruption.