当代一些哲学争论在很大程度上都源于对现代性的不满。不管对现代性做什么样的解释,哲学家们似乎更喜欢批评现代性而非为它进行辩护。无论如何,当代哲学家中令人印象深刻的是不满者:一些不满者希望从现代走向后现代,如各式各样的后现代主义者;另外一些不满者则更偏爱回到前现代,如新亚里士多德主义者和新托马斯主义者。无论是在西方还是在中国,批评现代性已经成为一种哲学的时髦。这些批评者的做法通常分为两步:首先把现代性与启蒙等同起来,并批评启 Much of the contemporary philosophical debate stems from dissatisfaction with modernity. No matter what the explanation for modernity, philosophers seem to prefer criticizing modernity rather than defending it. In any case, among the contemporary philosophers is the discontented person: some disgruntled people want to go from the modern to the post-modern, such as all kinds of postmodernist; others are more inclined to return to the pre-modern, such as new Aristotelian and neo-Thomas. Whether in the West or in China, criticizing modernity has become a philosophical fashion. The practice of these critics is usually divided into two steps: first, equate modernity with enlightenment, and criticize Kai