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一个国家在不同的历史时期,由于对计划与市场的关系处理方法不同,其反映出来的经济后果也明显不同。40多年来,我国在如何处理计划与市场的关系,尤其是在发挥市场作用的问题上,大体经历了由重视到排斥、再到重新重视这样三个阶段。人们在研究高度集中的计划体制的弊病时,往往忽略了我国在由新民主主义向社会主义的过渡期间,曾经历过一个计划与市场调节并存的阶段。这个阶段虽然比较短暂,但在党对现实社会主义的认识问题上却具有一定的认识价值和理论意义。深入考察这一阶段对资源配置采取的双重调节手段及其向单一方式演变的过程,有助于了解不同历史时期,党在计划与市场关系问题上的认识轨迹,以便客观把握对社会主义的整个认识链条上的各个具体环节。
In different historical periods, a country has obviously different economic consequences due to different approaches to the relationship between planning and market. For more than 40 years, our country has generally gone through such three stages as focusing on exclusion and re-focusing on how to deal with the relationship between the plan and the market, especially on the issue of playing a market role. When people study the shortcomings of a highly centralized planning system, they often overlook the stage during which our country has experienced a coexistence of planning and market regulation during the transition from new democracy to socialism. Although this stage is rather short, it has some recognition value and theoretical significance on the party’s understanding of the actual socialism. A thorough study of the dual means of adjusting resources at this stage and their evolution to a single mode helps to understand the track of understanding between the party in the planning and market relations in different historical periods in order to objectively grasp the whole of socialism Understand the various links in the chain.