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目的了解宜昌市城区狂犬病暴露人群相关知识、态度、行为情况,为开展针对性的健康教育提供依据。方法拟定统一问卷于2014年9月—2015年2月随机抽取前往动物咬伤预防专科门诊就诊的患者进行问卷调查。计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果不同年龄、职业、文化程度、地区对狂犬病相关知识知晓率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=37.81、45.40、15.62、24.68,均P<0.05)。有287人(95.67%)认为有必要给宠物(家畜)及时接种狂犬疫苗;98人(32.67%)曾和自家或别人家的宠物有过亲吻等亲密接触;62人(20.67%)曾有过抚摸、捡拾流浪狗(猫)的行为。94人(31.33%)曾接种过狂犬疫苗,此次为再次暴露;186人(62.00%)在暴露后前往医疗卫生机构处置前用肥皂水冲洗过伤口;279人(93.00%)在暴露后24 h内前往疾病预防控制机构进行伤口处置及疫苗接种;281人(93.67%)严格按照接种程序完成全程接种。结论相关部门应有针对性地加强对不同地区、年龄段人群的狂犬病相关知识的深入宣传教育,全民普及,扩大相关知识的覆盖面。
Objective To understand the related knowledge, attitude and behavior of rabies exposed population in urban area of Yichang City to provide the basis for carrying out targeted health education. Methods The questionnaire was drawn from a questionnaire drawn from September 2014 to February 2015 by a unified questionnaire to patients attending animal bites prevention specialist clinics. Count data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results There were significant differences in awareness of rabies related knowledge among different age, occupation, educational level and region (χ2 = 37.81, 455.40, 15.62, 24.68, all P <0.05). 28 (95.67%) considered it necessary to vaccinate rabies vaccines against pets (domestic animals) in a timely manner; 98 (32.67%) had had close contact with pets at home or in other countries; 62 (20.67%) had had Touch, pick up stray dogs (cats) behavior. 94 (31.33%) rabies vaccines have been vaccinated, this time being re-exposed; 186 (62.00%) were washed with soapy water before exposure to medical institutions; 279 (93.00%) were exposed h went to the CDC for wound disposal and vaccination; 281 (93.67%) completed the vaccination in strict accordance with the vaccination program. Conclusion Relevant departments should be targeted to strengthen the knowledge of rabies in different regions and age groups in-depth publicity and education, universal coverage, and expand the coverage of relevant knowledge.