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目的通过实施３年的队列性社区卫生干预研究，评价干预前后心脑血管病的卫生防治知识、态度及行为（ＫＡＢ）变化，间接反映心脑血管病的预防效果。方法１９９１年在北京房山区３０～７５岁的常住人口中随机现况调查７８２人，作为心脑血管病卫生知识、态度及行为调查的基线人群，其中干预区４３１人，对照区３５１人。经３年的社区干预后，１９９５年复查时又随机抽查８００人，干预区及对照区各４００人。结果在血压、饮食及体育锻炼方面，干预区均比对照区有较大幅度提高，多数卫生项目在统计上差异有显著性。在影响血压增高的专指因素中，认为遗传、吃盐多及吸烟是其主要影响因素，干预区农民均高于对照区。在血压知晓率方面干预区增高幅度高于对照区，二区有统计学差别。愿意低盐饮食的比率，干预区女性高于对照区（Ｐ＜０．０５）。在知道进行适度体育锻炼有好处而经常进行锻炼，以及在经常了解医疗保健知识方面上，干预区比率均高于对照区。结论社区心脑血管疾病卫生知识干预是有效的和将起积极作用的
Objective To assess the prevention and treatment effects of cardio-cerebral vascular disease indirectly through the implementation of a three-year cohort of community health interventions to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KAB) in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases before and after intervention. Methods A total of 782 randomized residents were surveyed in a random population of 30 to 75 years old in Fangshan District, Beijing in 1991 as a baseline population for the investigation of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular disease health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Among them, 431 were intervention areas and 351 were control areas. After three years of community intervention, 800 people were randomly selected during the review in 1995, and 400 people were intervened in the intervention area and the control area. Results In the area of blood pressure, diet, and physical activity, the intervention areas were significantly higher than those in the control area, and most of the health programs had statistically significant differences. Among the specific factors affecting the increase in blood pressure, genetics, eating more salt, and smoking were the main influencing factors. Farmers in the intervention area were all higher than the control area. The increase rate of the intervention area in the blood pressure awareness rate was higher than that in the control area, and there was a statistical difference in the second area. The proportion of willingness to low-salt diets was higher in the intervention zone than in the control zone (P < 0.05). The ratio of intervention zones was higher than that of the control zone in knowing that it was good to exercise moderately and exercise regularly, and in terms of regular knowledge of health care. Conclusion The health knowledge intervention of community cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is effective and will play an active role