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缘起主语、宾语等句子成分是西方语言的传统语法概念,它们在西方语言中基本上都有明确的形式标记。例如,即使在形式标记已大大减少的英语中,从词形上看,名词仅有一般格和所有格的区别,主格和宾格已经没有区别,但是代词却仍然保留着主格、宾格和所有格的词形区别,所以辨认主语和宾语一般地讲不成问题。《马氏文通》把西方传统语法框架引入汉语,然而这些概念在汉语中失去了它们在西方语法中固有的形式标记,传统上只能试用它们在句子中的意义和位置作鉴定标准。结果不仅学者见仁见智,意见不一,而且出现了许多棘手的问题。
The origin of subject, object and other sentence components are the traditional concepts of grammar in western languages. They basically have clear formal marks in western languages. For example, even in formal English, in which the formal markers have been greatly reduced, the nouns have only the difference between the general and all the lattices. There is no difference between the main and the bingo but the pronouns still retain the main and bingo and all Lattice inflection, so identify subjects and objects in general is not a problem. Ma Shi Wen Tong introduced the Western traditional grammar framework into Chinese. However, these concepts have lost their formal marks in Western grammar in Chinese. Traditionally, they can only be used as criteria for their significance and position in sentences. As a result, not only scholars have different opinions, but also many difficult issues have arisen.