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目的了解小儿流感嗜血杆菌 (Hi)性脑膜炎的临床和流行病学特点。方法通过与国际疫苗研究所合作开展的Hi性脑膜炎监测网络 ,对符合筛检标准的疑似脑膜炎患儿进行评估、调查和采样 ,收集病例的病案、实验室和流行病学调查资料 ,并进行统计和分析。结果3例Hi性脑膜炎患儿起病急 ,临床症状体征较重 ,脑脊液 (CSF)均有异常 ,均从血和CSF中分离到Hi,1例发生硬膜下积液 ,无死亡 ;均发生在2岁以内 ,发病时间分别为夏、秋和冬季 ,病例为散发 ,无二代病例发生 ,均来自农村 ,生活条件不安定 ,居住环境卫生条件较差 ,父母文化程度较低 ,经济较困难 ,入院前有1至多次在个体诊所就诊和自行服用药物史。结论Hi性脑膜炎临床症状体征较重 ,是严重危害小儿身心健康的疾病 ,生活环境卫生条件差、生活不安定的小儿尤其要警惕此病的发生。
Objective To understand the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children with HiM meningitis. METHODS: Hi-meningococcal meningitis surveillance networks, in cooperation with the International Vaccine Institute, were used to assess, survey and sample suspected meningitis in children eligible for the screening criteria and to collect case history, laboratory and epidemiological survey data, and Statistics and analysis. Results Three children with Hi meningitis developed acute onset, severe clinical symptoms and signs, abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), isolated Hi from blood and CSF, and 1 case had subdural effusion without death. Occurred within 2 years of age, the onset time were summer, autumn and winter, respectively, the cases were disseminated, no case of second generation, are from rural areas, living conditions are not stable, poor sanitation living environment, lower educational level, economic Difficulties, 1 to many times before attending individual clinics and self-medication history. Conclusion The clinical signs and symptoms of Hi meningitis are serious, which are the diseases that seriously endanger the physical and mental health of children. In particular, children with poor hygiene and living conditions should be wary of the occurrence of this disease.