目的　观察病程 2 4wk STZ-糖尿病大鼠视网膜微血管超微结构的病理改变及非酶糖化仰制剂 -氨基胍对超微结构改变的影响。方法　制备 STZ-糖尿病大鼠动物模型 ,随机分为氨基胍 (AG)组、糖尿病 (DM)组各 6只。设正常对照组 6只。 2 4wk时处死 ,取大鼠视网膜进行电镜观察。结果　 DM组视网膜微血管内皮细胞、周细胞核异染色质聚集、靠边 ;胞质内线粒体肿胀、变性 ,胞浆消失 ;基底膜增厚 ;毛细血管壁断裂。 AG组上述损害明显轻于 DM组。结论　非酶糖化抑制剂对 STZ-糖尿病大鼠视网膜微血管超微结构的损害有明显的防治作用 Objective To observe the pathological changes of retinal microvascular ultrastructure in STZ-diabetic rats and the effect of non-enzymatic glycation agent aminoguanidine on ultrastructural changes. Methods Animal models of STZ-diabetic rats were randomly divided into aminoguanidine (AG) group and diabetes mellitus (DM) group, 6 rats in each group. The normal control group 6. 2 4wk sacrificed, take the rat retina for electron microscopy. Results In the DM group, the retinal microvascular endothelial cells and peripheral heterochromatin clustered and migrated to the periphery. The mitochondria in the cytoplasm swelled and degenerated, and the cytoplasm disappeared. The basement membrane was thickened and the capillary wall was broken. AG group was significantly lighter than the DM group. Conclusion Non-enzymatic glycation inhibitors have significant preventive and therapeutic effects on the ultrastructure of retinal microvascular in STZ-diabetic rats