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随着北京城市的发展,用水量日益剧增,作为主要供水水源的地下水开采量也大幅度增长。在六十年代,地下水补给量和开采量基本平衡;自七十年代始,由于过量开采导致地下水位大幅度下降,形成区域漏斗,下降深度已达60米之多,部分含水层已被疏干,水量减少,水质被污染,硬度增高,地面发生局部沉降,直接影响着首都人民生活、工农业生产和城市建设。缺水已成为北京城市发展的主要制约因素之一。北京于1902年开始凿第一批深井,到解放初期有
With the development of Beijing’s urban areas, the amount of water used has been increasing rapidly. As a major water supply source, groundwater exploitation has also increased substantially. In the 1960s, groundwater recharge was basically in balance with production; since the beginning of the 1970s, groundwater levels dropped drastically due to over-exploitation, resulting in the formation of regional funnels with descending depths of up to 60 meters and partial aquifers have been dredged , The decrease of water quantity, the pollution of water quality, the increase of hardness and the partial settlement on the ground will directly affect the people’s livelihood, industrial and agricultural production and urban construction in the capital. Water scarcity has become one of the major constraints on urban development in Beijing. Beijing began to dig the first deep wells in 1902 and had it in the early days of liberation