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以初始体质量为(1.79±0.06)g的刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)为研究对象,进行为期8周养殖实验,研究饲料中添加半乳甘露寡糖对刺参生长、消化、体壁营养组成及免疫力的影响。以基础饲料(E0)为对照组,在基础饲料中分别添加0.2%(E1)、0.4%(E2)、0.8%(E3)、1.2%(E4)和1.6%(E5)的半乳甘露寡糖,共配制5种实验饲料。结果表明:(1)饲料中添加不同浓度的半乳甘露寡糖对幼参增重率及特定生长率具有显著影响,各处理组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而对脏壁比及肠壁比无显著影响(P>0.05),1.2%(E4组)添加水平下,刺参增重率及特定生长率最高。(2)饲料中添加不同浓度的半乳甘露寡糖对幼参肠道蛋白酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶活力均无显著影响(P>0.05)。(3)饲料中添加不同浓度的半乳甘露寡糖对幼参体壁酸性黏多糖及糖醛酸含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。添加半乳甘露寡糖比例0.2%(E1)、0.4%(E2)、0.8%(E3)、1.2%(E4)的处理组,刺参体壁氨基酸总量及谷氨酸、甘氨酸、精氨酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而1.6%(E5)组体壁氨基酸总量及Glu、Gly、Arg含量与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。(4)饲料中添加半乳甘露寡糖对体壁及体腔液超氧化物歧化酶、碱性磷酸酶及溶菌酶活性具有显著影响(P<0.05),同时对体腔细胞溶菌酶活性影响显著(P<0.05)。实验可以得到以下结论:(1)饲料中添加半乳甘露寡糖不仅可以提高刺参免疫力,并且可以提高特定生长率,并改善体壁氨基酸组成;(2)刺参饲料中半乳甘露寡糖的合适添加比例为1.2%。
Apostichopus japonicus with the initial body weight of (1.79 ± 0.06) g was used as experimental object to study the effects of dietary galactomannan oligosaccharides on the growth, digestion, body wall nutrition and The impact of immunity. The basal diet (E0) was used as the control group. The basal diet was supplemented with 0.5% (E1), 0.4% (E2), 0.8% (E3), 1.2% (E4) and 1.6% Sugar, a total of 5 kinds of experimental feed preparation. The results showed that: (1) The addition of different concentrations of galactomannan oligosaccharides to feed significantly affected the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of the juveniles, the treatment groups were significantly higher than the control group (P <0.05) (P> 0.05). The rate of weight gain and the specific growth rate were the highest under the condition of 1.2% (E4) addition. (2) The addition of different concentrations of galactomannan oligosaccharides to the feed had no significant effect on the protease, amylase and cellulase activity of juvenile ginseng (P> 0.05). (3) The addition of different concentrations of galactomannan oligosaccharides to the feed had no significant effect on the content of acid mucopolysaccharide and uronic acid (P> 0.05). The total amount of amino acids in the body wall of Apostichopus japonicus and glutamic acid, glycine and arginine were added to the treated group with the ratio of galactomannan oligosaccharide of 0.2% (E1), 0.4% (E2), 0.8% (E3) and 1.2% (E4) Acid content was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). However, the contents of total amino acids and Glu, Gly and Arg in 1.6% (E5) group were not significantly different from those in the control group (P> 0.05). (4) The addition of galactomannan oligosaccharides to feed significantly affected the activity of superoxide dismutase, alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme in the body wall and body cavity (P <0.05), and significantly affected the lysozyme activity in the body cavity P <0.05). The experiment can be concluded as follows: (1) The addition of galactomannan oligosaccharides to feed can not only improve the immunity of sea cucumber, but also increase the specific growth rate and improve the amino acid composition of the body wall. (2) Appropriate addition of sugar ratio of 1.2%.