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目的：研究ＴＧＦ－βＲⅡ表达与直肠癌生物学行为和预后的关系。方法：应用免疫组化Ｓ－Ｐ方法检测７８例直肠癌手术标本中ＴＧＦ－βＲⅡ的表达情况。结果：直肠癌原发灶ＴＧＦ－βＲⅡ表达阳性率为４８．７２％，其中无区域淋巴结转移者阳性率为８２．１４％，有区域性淋巴结转移者阳性率为３０．００％（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＴＧＦ－βＲⅡ表达水平与直肠癌浸润深度和Ｄｕｋｅｓ分期呈负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＴＧＦ－β阳性组术后３年、５年生存率分别为７８．０３％，６９．０２％，而阴性者为３３．８０％、１３．７５％，两组患者术后３年、５年生存率差别均有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：直肠癌由于ＴＧＦ－βＲⅡ减少而逃逸ＴＧＦ－β的生长抑制作用，加速恶性细胞的增殖、浸润和转移。故检测直肠癌组织中ＴＧＦ－βＲⅡ表达状况，有助于进一步了解直肠癌生物学行为和对患者预后的判断
Objective: To study the relationship between the expression of TGF-βRII and the biological behavior and prognosis of rectal cancer. Methods: Immunohistochemical S-P method was used to detect the expression of TGF-βRII in 78 specimens of rectal cancer. Results: The positive rate of TGF-βRII expression in the primary tumor of rectal cancer was 48.72%. Among them, the positive rate of no regional lymph node metastasis was 82.14%, and the positive rate of regional lymph node metastasis was 30.00% (P<0. .01), TGF-βRII expression levels were negatively correlated with depth of invasion and Dukes stage (P<0.01, P<0.01). The 3-year and 5-year survival rates of the TGF-β positive group were 78.03% and 69.02%, respectively, while the negative ones were 33.80% and 13.75%. The patients in the two groups had 3 years and 5 years of operation. The difference in survival rate was significant (P<0.01, P<0.01). Conclusion: Rectal cancer can escape the growth inhibitory effect of TGF-β due to the decrease of TGF-βRII, accelerating the proliferation, infiltration and metastasis of malignant cells. Therefore, the detection of the expression of TGF-βRII in rectal cancer tissue can help to further understand the biological behavior of rectal cancer and the judgment of the prognosis of patients.