论文部分内容阅读
水文地质最常用的手段,包括水文动态观测,抽水实验及水化学分析等,为地区水文地质条件评价提供基础资料。但一些水文地质问题,例如地下水的成因、年龄,补给区的确定,各种水体的水力联系,岩溶地区的坝基渗漏等与国民经济直接有关的问题,有时难以用常规的水文地质方法解决。六十年代起,国外开始利用天然水的同位素示踪地下水运动,比经典水文地质中应用的其它示踪技术优越,它不受时间和空间的限制。氚(~3H)是氢的宇宙成因放射性同位素,也是热核武器释放的放射性核类之一,半衰期为12.3年。利用天然水中氚的分布,可以得到地下水补给时间信息。
The most commonly used hydrogeological tools, including hydrological observation, pumping experiments and chemical analysis of water, provide the basic information for regional hydrogeological conditions assessment. However, some hydrogeological problems, such as the causes of groundwater, age, the determination of recharge areas, the hydraulic connection of various water bodies and the seepage of dam foundation in karst areas are directly related to the national economy and are sometimes difficult to be solved by conventional hydrogeological methods. Since the 1960s, foreign countries began to use isotopes of natural water to trace groundwater movement, which is superior to other tracing techniques used in classical hydrogeology. It is not subject to time and space constraints. Tritium (~ 3H) is a cosmogenic radioisotope of hydrogen and one of the radioactive nuclei released by thermonuclear weapons with a half-life of 12.3 years. Using the distribution of tritium in natural water, groundwater recharge time information can be obtained.