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本文叙述了用于控制电子交换系统的一台低成本微程序处理机的内部工作。为了减轻维修难度和进一步提高组装的效率,机器的结构进行了规格化。 已经从数量有限的校验电路和适量的实时消耗得到了高度的并行自校验。所有数据操作设备都是组合的并采用奇偶预测技术来检出所产生的数据的误差。由于处理机的自校验特性,因此可实行具有故障保护的独立操作。 整个机器包括取下条指令在内,都在微程序控制之下。由于指令系统易于修改,因此微程序设计的灵活性可使软件和硬件并行改进。已经设计出一种充分利用存贮器的简单命令结构。外加微指令已被用于并行校验。由于存贮器具有预读能力,因此主存贮器访问时间对微程序周期时间的影响得以消除。 一台实验室样机已于1971年2月作成并开始运行,运算数据表明已满足了设计指标。
This article describes the internal workings of a low-cost microprocessor for controlling electronic switching systems. In order to reduce the difficulty of maintenance and further improve the assembly efficiency, the structure of the machine was standardized. A high degree of parallel self-checking has been obtained from a limited number of verification circuits and an appropriate amount of real-time consumption. All data manipulation devices are combined and use odd and even prediction techniques to detect errors in the resulting data. Due to the self-checking nature of the processor, independent operation with fault protection can be implemented. The entire machine, including the removal instructions, is under the control of the micro-program. Due to the ease of modification of the instruction set, the flexibility of micro-programming allows parallel improvements in software and hardware. A simple command structure that takes full advantage of memory has been devised. External microinstructions have been used for parallel verification. Because memory has read-ahead capability, the impact of main memory access time on the micro-program cycle time is eliminated. A laboratory prototype was completed and started operation in February 1971 and the operational data showed that the design specifications were met.